Energy Efficient Routing Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

This Wireless sensor network (WSN) is widely considered as one of the most important technologies for the twenty-first century, it provides the availability of small and low-cost sensor nodes with the ability of sensing different types of physical and environmental conditions, data processing, and wireless communication. Sensor nodes have a limited transmission range, and their processing and storage capabilities as well as their energy resources are also limited. Thus, optimized routing algorithms for wireless sensor networks should be utilized in order to maintain the routes in the network and to ensure reliable multi-hop communication under these conditions. Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Energy Efficiency, Routing Protocols, Solar Sensors, Mobile Agent

Study of MAC Protocols for Mobile Wireless Body Sensor Networks

Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) also referred to as a body sensor network (BSN), is a wireless network of wearable computing devices. It has emerged as a key technology to provide real-time health monitoring of a patient and diagnose many life threatening diseases. WBAN operates in close vicinity to, on, or inside a human body and supports a variety of medical and non-medical applications. The design of a medium access control is a challenge due to the characteristics of wireless channel and the need to fulfill both requirements of mobility support and energy efficiency.  This paper presents a comparative study of IEEE 802.15.6, IEEE 804.15.4 and T-MAC in order to analyze the performance of each standard in terms of delay, throughput and energy consumption. Keywords: Biomedical, IEEE 802.15.6; T-MAC, IEEE 802.15.4, mobility, low-power communication, wireless body sensor networks, implantable sensors, healthcare applications, biosensors

Relay based thermal aware and mobility support routing protocol for wireless body sensor networks

The evolvement of wireless technologies has enabled revolutionizing the health-care industry by monitor patient health condition requiring early diagnosis and interfering when a chronic situation is taking place. In this regard, miniaturized biosensors have been manufactured to cover various medical applications forming therefore a Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN). A WBSN is comprised of several small and low power devices capable of sensing vital signs such as heart rate, blood glucose, body temperature etc.. Although WBSN main purpose is to provide the most convenient wireless setting for the networking of human body sensors, there are still a great number of technical challenges to resolve such as: power source miniaturization, low power transceivers, biocompatibility, secure data transfer, minimum transmission delay and high quality of service. These challenges have to be taken into consideration when creating a new routing protocol for WBSNs. This paper proposes a new Relay based Thermal aware and Mobile Routing Protocol (RTM-RP) for Wireless Body Sensor Networks tackling the problem of high energy consumption and high temperature increase where the mobility is a crucial constraint to handle

Equalized Energy Consumption in Wireless Body Area Networks for a Prolonged Network Lifetime

The phenomenal advances in electronics contributed to a widespread use of distributed sensors in wireless communications. A set of biosensors can be deployed or implanted in the human body to form a Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN), where various WBAN PHY layers are utilized. The WBAN allows the measurement of physiological data, which is forwarded by the gateway to the base station for analysis purposes. The main issue in conceiving a WBAN communication mechanism is to manage the residual energy of sensors. The mobile agent system has been widely applied for surveillance applications in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). It consists in dispatching one or more mobile agents simultaneously to collect data, while following a predetermined optimum itinerary. The continuous use of the optimal itinerary leads to a rapid depletion of sensor nodes batteries, which minimizes the network lifetime. This paper presents a new algorithm to equalize the energy consumption among sensor motes. The algorithm exploits all the available paths towards the destination and classifies them with respect to the end-to-end delay and the overall energy consumption. The proposed algorithm performs better compared to the optimal routing path. It increases the network lifetime to the maximum by postponing routing of data via the most-recently used path, and it also maintains data delivery within the delay interval threshold